library(ggplot2)
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library(arsenal)
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library(ggsci)
#ideas, stratify by what do you consider a good nights sleep
#additive index according to behaviors
#regression models for the outcome.
#Positive quality of sleep -
#Consistent wake up
#Greater than 7 hrs to 9 hrs --> stratify #for sure USE THIS AND ONE OR THE OTHER
#Agreement questions Q44
#Current bedtime routines
#Current lifestyle habits
#Employment and childrenanalysisdata <- readRDS("foranalysis.rds")analysisdata <- analysisdata %>% mutate(
compositeoutcomegoodsleep = case_when(
Q10_workdayhoursofsleep >= 7.0 & Q10_workdayhoursofsleep <= 9.0 ~ 1,
Q10_workdayhoursofsleep < 7.0 | Q10_workdayhoursofsleep > 9.0 ~ 0,
Q44_6_ifeelpositiveaboutthequalityofmysleep == "Somewhat agree" & Q13_consistentwakeup == "Yes" ~ 1,
Q44_6_ifeelpositiveaboutthequalityofmysleep == "Strongly agree" & Q13_consistentwakeup == "Yes"~ 1,
Q44_6_ifeelpositiveaboutthequalityofmysleep == "Strongly disagree" & (Q13_consistentwakeup == "No" | Q13_consistentwakeup == "Sometimes") ~ 0,
Q44_6_ifeelpositiveaboutthequalityofmysleep == "Somewhat disagree" & (Q13_consistentwakeup == "No" | Q13_consistentwakeup == "Sometimes") ~ 0,
Q44_6_ifeelpositiveaboutthequalityofmysleep == "Neither agree nor disagree" & (Q13_consistentwakeup == "No" | Q13_consistentwakeup == "Sometimes") ~ 0
)
) %>% mutate(compositeoutcomegoodsleep = factor(compositeoutcomegoodsleep, label = c("Poor sleep", "Good sleep"))) %>%
filter(!is.na(compositeoutcomegoodsleep))tab1 <- tableby(compositeoutcomegoodsleep~ Q3_role +
Q4_gender +
Q5_age +
Q6_numberinhousehold +
Q37_employed +
Q8_diagnosis +
Q10_workdayhoursofsleep +
Q11_weekendhoursofsleep +
Q9_howoftensleepy,
data=analysisdata, test=TRUE, total=TRUE,
numeric.stats=c("medianq1q3"), numeric.test="kwt", cat.test="chisq")
summary(tab1, title='Table 1. Baseline information', pfootnote=TRUE, digits = 2)| Poor sleep (N=70) | Good sleep (N=133) | Total (N=203) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is your role at Bloomberg | 0.7051 | |||
| Â Â Â Faculty/Staff Member | 3 (4.3%) | 3 (2.3%) | 6 (3.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Full-time student | 47 (67.1%) | 93 (69.9%) | 140 (69.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Part-time student | 20 (28.6%) | 37 (27.8%) | 57 (28.1%) | |
| What gender do you identify as? | 0.1581 | |||
| Â Â Â Female | 53 (75.7%) | 110 (82.7%) | 163 (80.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Male | 13 (18.6%) | 22 (16.5%) | 35 (17.2%) | |
| Â Â Â Non-binary / third gender | 3 (4.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (2.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Prefer not to say | 1 (1.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| How old are you? | 0.7352 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 28.00 (25.00, 33.25) | 28.00 (25.00, 32.00) | 28.00 (25.00, 32.00) | |
| How many people live in your household, including yourself? | 0.4782 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 2.00 (2.00, 3.00) | 2.00 (2.00, 3.00) | 2.00 (2.00, 3.00) | |
| Are you currently employed outside of your education program? | 0.7071 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â No | 32 (45.7%) | 64 (48.5%) | 96 (47.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Yes | 38 (54.3%) | 68 (51.5%) | 106 (52.5%) | |
| Have you ever been diagnosed with any of the following sleep disorders? | 0.6021 | |||
| Â Â Â Insomnia | 4 (5.7%) | 8 (6.0%) | 12 (5.9%) | |
| Â Â Â No | 62 (88.6%) | 122 (91.7%) | 184 (90.6%) | |
| Â Â Â Other | 2 (2.9%) | 1 (0.8%) | 3 (1.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Sleep Apnea | 2 (2.9%) | 2 (1.5%) | 4 (2.0%) | |
| During the past 5 workdays, how many hours of sleep did you get per night on average? | < 0.0012 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 6.00 (5.00, 6.00) | 7.00 (7.00, 8.00) | 7.00 (6.00, 7.50) | |
| During the past weekend, how many hours of sleep did you get per night on average? | < 0.0012 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 7.00 (6.00, 8.50) | 8.00 (7.50, 9.00) | 8.00 (7.00, 9.00) | |
| How often do you feel sleepy during the day? | ||||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 27 | 38 | 65 | |
| Â Â Â Never | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (3.2%) | 3 (2.2%) | |
| Â Â Â Rarely | 6 (14.0%) | 20 (21.1%) | 26 (18.8%) | |
| Â Â Â Sometimes | 29 (67.4%) | 69 (72.6%) | 98 (71.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Very often | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Always | 8 (18.6%) | 3 (3.2%) | 11 (8.0%) |
#If student
student <- analysisdata %>% filter(Q3_role != "Faculty/Staff Member")
tab1 <- tableby(compositeoutcomegoodsleep~ Q2_program,
data=student, test=TRUE, total=TRUE,
numeric.stats=c("medianq1q3"), numeric.test="kwt", cat.test="chisq")
summary(tab1, title='Table 1. Baseline information', pfootnote=TRUE, digits = 2)| Poor sleep (N=67) | Good sleep (N=130) | Total (N=197) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is your current program at Bloomberg? | 0.4241 | |||
| Â Â Â Doctoral Student | 14 (20.9%) | 40 (30.8%) | 54 (27.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Masters Student | 51 (76.1%) | 86 (66.2%) | 137 (69.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Other | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Post doctoral student | 2 (3.0%) | 3 (2.3%) | 5 (2.5%) |
#If employed
employed <- analysisdata %>% filter(Q37_employed == "Yes")
tab1 <- tableby(compositeoutcomegoodsleep ~ Q38_wfh,
data=employed, test=TRUE, total=TRUE,
numeric.stats=c("medianq1q3"), numeric.test="kwt", cat.test="chisq")
summary(tab1, title='Table 1. Baseline information', pfootnote=TRUE, digits = 2)| Poor sleep (N=38) | Good sleep (N=68) | Total (N=106) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Do you work from home? | 0.5761 | |||
| Â Â Â No | 12 (31.6%) | 18 (26.5%) | 30 (28.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Yes | 26 (68.4%) | 50 (73.5%) | 76 (71.7%) |
#If wfh
notworkfromhome <- analysisdata %>% filter(Q37_employed == "Yes" & Q38_wfh == "No")
tab1 <- tableby(compositeoutcomegoodsleep ~ Q39_dayornight,
data=notworkfromhome, test=TRUE, total=TRUE,
numeric.stats=c("medianq1q3"), numeric.test="kwt", cat.test="chisq")
summary(tab1, title='Table 1. Baseline information', pfootnote=TRUE, digits = 2)| Poor sleep (N=12) | Good sleep (N=18) | Total (N=30) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Do you work day or night shifts? | 0.3481 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â Day shift | 10 (83.3%) | 16 (94.1%) | 26 (89.7%) | |
| Â Â Â Night shift | 2 (16.7%) | 1 (5.9%) | 3 (10.3%) |
tab1 <- tableby(compositeoutcomegoodsleep~
Q15_consistentbedtimeonweekdays +
Q49_sleepqualitychangecovid +
bedtimeroutine +
Q19_howmanyhourssdidyouuseascreen +
as.numeric(Q19_howmanyhourssdidyouuseascreen) +
Q12_1_howmanynightsusescreen +
Q17_stressedaboutschool +
cantsleepfeeling +
Q18_howoftenpracticemindfullness +
behaviors +
Q44_1_thingsidointhelasthourbeforesleepaffectthequalityofmysleep +
Q44_2_gettingagoodnightssleepisimportantome +
Q44_3_mostofmyfriendshaveahealthysleeproutine +
Q44_4_lackofsleepaffectsmyacademicperformance +
Q44_5_havingaregularsleeproutineimprovesmentalclariy +
Q44_7_ithinkcuttingoutscreenuseonehourbeforesleepleadstobettersleep +
Q44_8_ithinkingworkingoutregularlyleadstobettersleep +
Q44_9_ithinkmeditatingbeforesleephelpsquality +
Q59_1_icanmaintainhealthysleephabits +
Q59_2_icancutoutscreenuseonehourbeforesleep +
Q59_3_icanworkoutregularly +
Q59_4_icanmediatebeforebed +
Q37_whatdoyouconsideragoodnightssleep +
Q50_1_energyfordailyacitivites +
Q50_2_attractivness +
Q50_3_productivity +
Q50_4_accomplishmentofotherdailygoals +
Q50_5_mentalandemotionalwellbeing +
Q50_6_fosteringmaintaingrelationships +
Q50_7_caringforchildren +
Q53_1_getoutsidefor10mininthemorning +
Q53_2_exerciseduringtheday +
Q53_3_doingabreathingexercisebeforesleep +
Q53_4_notusescreens +
Q53_5_listeningtoacalmingaudiobookorpodcast +
information,
data=analysisdata, test=TRUE, total=TRUE,
numeric.stats=c("medianq1q3"), numeric.test="kwt", cat.test="chisq")
summary(tab1, title='Table 2. Sleep questions', pfootnote=TRUE, digits = 2)| Poor sleep (N=70) | Good sleep (N=133) | Total (N=203) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Do you have a consistent time you wake up on weekdays? | < 0.0011 | |||
| Â Â Â No | 45 (64.3%) | 41 (30.8%) | 86 (42.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Sometimes | 13 (18.6%) | 34 (25.6%) | 47 (23.2%) | |
| Â Â Â Yes | 12 (17.1%) | 58 (43.6%) | 70 (34.5%) | |
| Has your sleep quality changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic? | 0.0821 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Â Â Â No | 23 (33.3%) | 50 (37.9%) | 73 (36.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Yes, I feel my sleep quality has improved | 5 (7.2%) | 22 (16.7%) | 27 (13.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Yes, I feel my sleep quality has worsened | 41 (59.4%) | 60 (45.5%) | 101 (50.2%) | |
| My bedtime routine includes: | 0.2901 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â Brushing teeth | 20 (28.6%) | 46 (34.8%) | 66 (32.7%) | |
| Â Â Â Phone usage | 2 (2.9%) | 7 (5.3%) | 9 (4.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Reading | 4 (5.7%) | 1 (0.8%) | 5 (2.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Showering | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (0.8%) | 2 (1.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Washing my face | 42 (60.0%) | 76 (57.6%) | 118 (58.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Watching TV | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (0.8%) | 2 (1.0%) | |
| How many hours per day do you typically use a screen? (i.e. cell phone, tablet, computer, television) | ||||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| Â Â Â 0 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 1 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 2 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 3 | 1 (1.5%) | 2 (1.5%) | 3 (1.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 4 | 1 (1.5%) | 4 (3.0%) | 5 (2.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 5 | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (3.8%) | 5 (2.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 6 | 5 (7.4%) | 4 (3.0%) | 9 (4.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 7 | 2 (2.9%) | 3 (2.3%) | 5 (2.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 8 | 8 (11.8%) | 20 (15.2%) | 28 (14.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 9 | 3 (4.4%) | 7 (5.3%) | 10 (5.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 10 | 17 (25.0%) | 39 (29.5%) | 56 (28.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 11 | 2 (2.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (1.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 12 | 16 (23.5%) | 35 (26.5%) | 51 (25.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 13 | 1 (1.5%) | 3 (2.3%) | 4 (2.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 14 | 6 (8.8%) | 7 (5.3%) | 13 (6.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 15 | 4 (5.9%) | 1 (0.8%) | 5 (2.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 16 | 1 (1.5%) | 2 (1.5%) | 3 (1.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 17 | 1 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| How many hours per day do you typically use a screen? (i.e. cell phone, tablet, computer, television) | 0.1822 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 11.00 (9.75, 13.00) | 11.00 (9.00, 13.00) | 11.00 (9.00, 13.00) | |
| In the past week, how many nights did you use screens (i.e. cell phone, tablet, computer, television) within 1 hour before bed? | 0.0492 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 7.00 (7.00, 7.00) | 7.00 (6.00, 7.00) | 7.00 (7.00, 7.00) | |
| How stressed do you currently feel about school? | 0.0162 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 7.00 (6.00, 9.00) | 7.00 (5.00, 8.00) | 7.00 (5.00, 8.00) | |
| When you can’t sleep do you feel | 0.5861 | |||
| Â Â Â Angry | 3 (4.3%) | 10 (7.5%) | 13 (6.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Frustrated | 33 (47.1%) | 70 (52.6%) | 103 (50.7%) | |
| Â Â Â Guilty | 14 (20.0%) | 20 (15.0%) | 34 (16.7%) | |
| Â Â Â None of the above | 4 (5.7%) | 9 (6.8%) | 13 (6.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Other | 4 (5.7%) | 6 (4.5%) | 10 (4.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Sad | 4 (5.7%) | 2 (1.5%) | 6 (3.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Stressed | 8 (11.4%) | 16 (12.0%) | 24 (11.8%) | |
| How often do you practice mindfulness techniques? (i.e. breathing exercises, meditation, etc.,) | ||||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 6 | 12 | 18 | |
| Â Â Â Never | 10 (15.6%) | 23 (19.0%) | 33 (17.8%) | |
| Â Â Â Rarely | 31 (48.4%) | 44 (36.4%) | 75 (40.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Sometimes | 22 (34.4%) | 50 (41.3%) | 72 (38.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Very often | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Always | 1 (1.6%) | 4 (3.3%) | 5 (2.7%) | |
| Which of the following behaviors do you participate in? | 0.0371 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Â Â Â Alcohol Consumption | 24 (34.8%) | 73 (55.3%) | 97 (48.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Cigarette smoking | 3 (4.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (2.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Daytime napping | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Drinking Caffeinated beverages | 2 (2.9%) | 2 (1.5%) | 4 (2.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Exercise | 27 (39.1%) | 43 (32.6%) | 70 (34.8%) | |
| Â Â Â Social Media Use | 13 (18.8%) | 12 (9.1%) | 25 (12.4%) | |
| The things I do in the last hour before bed affect the quality of my sleep. | 0.8371 | |||
| Â Â Â Strongly disagree | 3 (4.3%) | 4 (3.0%) | 7 (3.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat disagree | 6 (8.6%) | 8 (6.0%) | 14 (6.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Neither agree nor disagree | 8 (11.4%) | 11 (8.3%) | 19 (9.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat agree | 31 (44.3%) | 63 (47.4%) | 94 (46.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Strongly agree | 22 (31.4%) | 47 (35.3%) | 69 (34.0%) | |
| Getting a good night’s sleep is important to me. | 0.0301 | |||
| Â Â Â Strongly disagree | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat disagree | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Neither agree nor disagree | 3 (4.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (2.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat agree | 16 (22.9%) | 13 (9.8%) | 29 (14.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Strongly agree | 51 (72.9%) | 117 (88.0%) | 168 (82.8%) | |
| Most of my friends have a healthy sleep routine. | 0.0451 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â Strongly disagree | 6 (8.7%) | 3 (2.3%) | 9 (4.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat disagree | 14 (20.3%) | 27 (20.3%) | 41 (20.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Neither agree nor disagree | 25 (36.2%) | 71 (53.4%) | 96 (47.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat agree | 18 (26.1%) | 27 (20.3%) | 45 (22.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Strongly agree | 6 (8.7%) | 5 (3.8%) | 11 (5.4%) | |
| Lack of sleep affects my academic performance. | 0.7391 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â Strongly disagree | 1 (1.4%) | 2 (1.5%) | 3 (1.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat disagree | 4 (5.8%) | 7 (5.3%) | 11 (5.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Neither agree nor disagree | 7 (10.1%) | 7 (5.3%) | 14 (6.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat agree | 25 (36.2%) | 56 (42.1%) | 81 (40.1%) | |
| Â Â Â Strongly agree | 32 (46.4%) | 61 (45.9%) | 93 (46.0%) | |
| Having a regular sleep routine improves mental clarity/sharpness. | ||||
| Â Â Â Strongly disagree | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat disagree | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Neither agree nor disagree | 4 (5.7%) | 6 (4.5%) | 10 (4.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat agree | 14 (20.0%) | 37 (27.8%) | 51 (25.1%) | |
| Â Â Â Strongly agree | 52 (74.3%) | 89 (66.9%) | 141 (69.5%) | |
| I think cutting out screen use 1 hour before bed leads to better sleep. | 0.1931 | |||
| Â Â Â Strongly disagree | 5 (7.1%) | 3 (2.3%) | 8 (3.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat disagree | 4 (5.7%) | 2 (1.5%) | 6 (3.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Neither agree nor disagree | 12 (17.1%) | 27 (20.3%) | 39 (19.2%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat agree | 29 (41.4%) | 57 (42.9%) | 86 (42.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Strongly agree | 20 (28.6%) | 44 (33.1%) | 64 (31.5%) | |
| I think working out regularly leads to better sleep. | ||||
| Â Â Â Strongly disagree | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat disagree | 2 (2.9%) | 1 (0.8%) | 3 (1.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Neither agree nor disagree | 4 (5.7%) | 13 (9.8%) | 17 (8.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat agree | 23 (32.9%) | 36 (27.1%) | 59 (29.1%) | |
| Â Â Â Strongly agree | 41 (58.6%) | 83 (62.4%) | 124 (61.1%) | |
| I think meditating before bed helps sleep quality. | 0.1141 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â Strongly disagree | 5 (7.1%) | 1 (0.8%) | 6 (3.0%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat disagree | 5 (7.1%) | 6 (4.5%) | 11 (5.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Neither agree nor disagree | 23 (32.9%) | 45 (34.1%) | 68 (33.7%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat agree | 20 (28.6%) | 46 (34.8%) | 66 (32.7%) | |
| Â Â Â Strongly agree | 17 (24.3%) | 34 (25.8%) | 51 (25.2%) | |
| I can maintain healthy sleep habits. | < 0.0011 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â Not at all confident | 8 (11.4%) | 6 (4.5%) | 14 (6.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Slightly confident | 19 (27.1%) | 9 (6.8%) | 28 (13.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat confident | 24 (34.3%) | 41 (31.1%) | 65 (32.2%) | |
| Â Â Â Pretty confident | 18 (25.7%) | 54 (40.9%) | 72 (35.6%) | |
| Â Â Â Extremely confident | 1 (1.4%) | 22 (16.7%) | 23 (11.4%) | |
| I can cut out screen use 1 hour before bed. | 0.3741 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â Not at all confident | 18 (25.7%) | 27 (20.5%) | 45 (22.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Slightly confident | 25 (35.7%) | 38 (28.8%) | 63 (31.2%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat confident | 15 (21.4%) | 36 (27.3%) | 51 (25.2%) | |
| Â Â Â Pretty confident | 6 (8.6%) | 22 (16.7%) | 28 (13.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Extremely confident | 6 (8.6%) | 9 (6.8%) | 15 (7.4%) | |
| I can work out regularly. | 0.0911 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Â Â Â Not at all confident | 9 (13.0%) | 6 (4.5%) | 15 (7.5%) | |
| Â Â Â Slightly confident | 16 (23.2%) | 21 (15.9%) | 37 (18.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat confident | 12 (17.4%) | 27 (20.5%) | 39 (19.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Pretty confident | 17 (24.6%) | 34 (25.8%) | 51 (25.4%) | |
| Â Â Â Extremely confident | 15 (21.7%) | 44 (33.3%) | 59 (29.4%) | |
| I can meditate before bed. | 0.5391 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Â Â Â Not at all confident | 15 (21.4%) | 29 (22.0%) | 44 (21.8%) | |
| Â Â Â Slightly confident | 18 (25.7%) | 34 (25.8%) | 52 (25.7%) | |
| Â Â Â Somewhat confident | 23 (32.9%) | 32 (24.2%) | 55 (27.2%) | |
| Â Â Â Pretty confident | 8 (11.4%) | 26 (19.7%) | 34 (16.8%) | |
| Â Â Â Extremely confident | 6 (8.6%) | 11 (8.3%) | 17 (8.4%) | |
| What do you consider a good night’s sleep? | 0.0061 | |||
| Â Â Â 10+ hours | 1 (1.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Â Â Â 7 hours | 16 (22.9%) | 13 (9.8%) | 29 (14.3%) | |
| Â Â Â 8 hours | 47 (67.1%) | 93 (69.9%) | 140 (69.0%) | |
| Â Â Â 9 hours | 5 (7.1%) | 27 (20.3%) | 32 (15.8%) | |
| Â Â Â Less than or equal to 6 hours | 1 (1.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Energy for daily activities | 0.4962 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | |
| Attractiveness (to self & others) | 0.0072 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 4.00 (3.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | |
| Productivity at work/school | 0.2562 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 5.00 (5.00, 5.00) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | |
| Accomplishment of other daily goals (e.g. exercise, cooking, paying bills, etc) | 0.2882 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | 4.00 (4.00, 5.00) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | |
| Mental and emotional wellbeing | 0.5222 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | |
| Fostering/maintaining relationships | 0.4182 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 4.00 (4.00, 5.00) | 4.00 (3.00, 5.00) | 4.00 (3.00, 5.00) | |
| Caring for children | 0.5732 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 1.00 (1.00, 4.00) | 1.00 (1.00, 3.00) | 1.00 (1.00, 3.50) | |
| Get outside for 10 minutes in the morning. | 0.9832 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 4.00 (2.00, 5.00) | 4.00 (2.00, 5.00) | 4.00 (2.00, 5.00) | |
| Exercise during the day. | 0.0252 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 4.00 (3.00, 5.00) | 4.00 (3.00, 5.00) | 4.00 (3.00, 5.00) | |
| Do a breathing exercise before you sleep. | 0.2542 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | |
| Not use screens (i.e. cell phone, tablet, computer, television) for 1 hour before bed | 0.0142 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 3.00) | 2.00 (2.00, 3.00) | |
| Listen to a calming audiobook or podcast before bed | 0.9792 | |||
| Â Â Â Median (Q1, Q3) | 3.00 (1.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | |
| Where have you seen or received information about sleep quality or sleep hygiene? | 0.0241 | |||
| Â Â Â N-Miss | 5 | 10 | 15 | |
| Â Â Â Friends | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (6.5%) | 8 (4.3%) | |
| Â Â Â Health care professional | 30 (46.2%) | 40 (32.5%) | 70 (37.2%) | |
| Â Â Â News sources | 4 (6.2%) | 9 (7.3%) | 13 (6.9%) | |
| Â Â Â Other online source | 7 (10.8%) | 17 (13.8%) | 24 (12.8%) | |
| Â Â Â Social media | 15 (23.1%) | 43 (35.0%) | 58 (30.9%) | |
| Â Â Â University wellbeing resources | 9 (13.8%) | 6 (4.9%) | 15 (8.0%) |
Fig 1
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q3_role, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "Role") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 2
g<- ggplot(student) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q2_program, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "What is your current program at Bloomberg?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 3
g<- ggplot(student) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q4_gender, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "What gender do you identify as?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 4
g<- ggplot(student) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q37_employed, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "Are you currently employed outside of your education program?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 5
g<- ggplot(employed) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q38_wfh, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "Do you work from home?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 6
g<- ggplot(notworkfromhome) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q39_dayornight, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "Do you work day or night shifts?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 7
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q7_children, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=15)) +
labs(title = "Are there children living in your household?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 8
g<-ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q8_diagnosis, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=20), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "Have you ever been diagnosed with any of the following sleep disorders?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 9
g<-ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q9_howoftensleepy, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "How often do you feel sleepy during the day?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 10
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q13_consistentwakeup, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=32)) +
labs(title = "Do you have a consistent time you wake up on weekdays?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 11
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q15_consistentbedtimeonweekdays, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Do you have a consistent bedtime on weekdays?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 12
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q49_sleepqualitychangecovid, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Has your sleep quality changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 13
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=bedtimeroutine, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "My bedtime routine includes") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 14
g<-ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q17_stressedaboutschool, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "How stressed do you currently feel about school?") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() ## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).
Fig 15
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=cantsleepfeeling, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "When you can't sleep do you feel") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 16
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q18_howoftenpracticemindfullness, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "How often do you practice mindfulness techniques? (i.e. breathing exercises, meditation, etc.,") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 17
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=behaviors, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Which of the following behaviors do you participate in? Check all that apply. ") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 18
g<-ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_1_thingsidointhelasthourbeforesleepaffectthequalityofmysleep, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "The things I do in the last hour before bed affect the quality of my sleep.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_2_gettingagoodnightssleepisimportantome, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Getting a good night's sleep is important to me.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_3_mostofmyfriendshaveahealthysleeproutine, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Most of my friends have a healthy sleep routine.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_4_lackofsleepaffectsmyacademicperformance, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Lack of sleep affects my academic performance.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_5_havingaregularsleeproutineimprovesmentalclariy, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Having a regular sleep routine improves mental clarity/sharpness.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_6_ifeelpositiveaboutthequalityofmysleep, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I feel positive about the quality of my sleep.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_7_ithinkcuttingoutscreenuseonehourbeforesleepleadstobettersleep, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I think cutting out screen use 1 hour before bed leads to better sleep.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<-ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_8_ithinkingworkingoutregularlyleadstobettersleep, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I think working out regularly leads to better sleep.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q44_9_ithinkmeditatingbeforesleephelpsquality, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I think meditating before bed helps sleep quality.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 19
g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q59_1_icanmaintainhealthysleephabits, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I can maintain healthy sleep habits.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q59_2_icancutoutscreenuseonehourbeforesleep, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I can cut out screen use 1 hour before bed.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q59_3_icanworkoutregularly, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I can work out regularly.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q59_4_icanmediatebeforebed, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I can meditate before bed.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 20
g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q50_1_energyfordailyacitivites, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Energy for daily activities") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() ## Warning: Removed 1 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).
g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q50_2_attractivness, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Attractiveness (to self & others)") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() ## Warning: Removed 1 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q50_3_productivity, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Productivity at work/school") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() ## Warning: Removed 1 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).
g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q50_4_accomplishmentofotherdailygoals, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Accomplishment of other daily goals (e.g. exercise, cooking, paying bills, etc)") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() ## Warning: Removed 1 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).
g<- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q50_5_mentalandemotionalwellbeing, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Mental and emotional wellbeing") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() ## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).
g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q50_6_fosteringmaintaingrelationships, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Fostering/maintaining relationships") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() ## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).
g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q50_7_caringforchildren, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "Caring for children") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() ## Warning: Removed 8 rows containing non-finite values (stat_count).
Fig 21
g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q59_1_icanmaintainhealthysleephabits, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I can maintain healthy sleep habits.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g <- ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q59_2_icancutoutscreenuseonehourbeforesleep, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I can cut out screen use 1 hour before bed.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() g<-ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q59_3_icanworkoutregularly, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I can work out regularly.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g + scale_fill_lancet() g <-ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=Q59_4_icanmediatebeforebed, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
#coord_flip() +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=32), axis.text.x = element_text(size=18)) +
labs(title = "I can meditate before bed.") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet() Fig 22
g<-ggplot(analysisdata) +
geom_bar(aes(x=information, fill=compositeoutcomegoodsleep)) +
theme_test() +
theme(text = element_text(size=20), axis.text.x = element_text(size=16)) +
labs(title = "Where have you seen or received information about sleep quality or sleep hygiene? Check all that apply. ") +
xlab("") +
labs(fill='')
g+ scale_fill_lancet()